La felicissima terra in terra: in search of objective criteria for subjective feeling Introduction: The problem of measuring "happiness" To define the happiest country on Earth is a methodologically complex task, as "happiness" (or the level of well-being, cheerfulness, positive affect) is a subjective and culturally conditioned category. However, modern research in the field of positive psychology, sociology, and economics offers a number of objective indicators and regularly conducts global measurements, allowing for a scientifically based ranking. For many years, the leaders in such rankings have consistently been the countries of Northern Europe, in particular, Finland, which has been at the top of the World Happiness Report since 2018. But is this a synonym for "happiness"? Let's try to figure it out. Key criteria and methodology The World Happiness Report, published under the auspices of the UN, relies on data from the Gallup World Poll and evaluates countries based on six key variables: GDP per capita (economic well-being). Social support (having close people to rely on). Freedom of choice in life. Perception of corruption (trust in institutions). Finland and other Scandinavian countries (Denmark, Iceland, Sweden, Norway) have consistently led on the sum of these indicators. However, this rather reflects life satisfaction, well-being, and social stability, which can be called "deep, calm happiness," rather than momentary "cheerfulness." Cultural specifics of the expression of "happiness" If we consider "happiness" as an external, expressive manifestation of joy, the picture changes. Latin America: The countries of this region (Colombia, Mexico, Brazil, Costa Rica) traditionally occupy high places in the rankings of positive emotions in Gallup surveys, despite lower GDP and security indicators. Here, social connections, expressiveness, and the ability to enjoy the moment are valued (fiesta, carnivals, dances). Costa Rica has even popularized the co ... Read more